Ascending Bubble Sort Example

Ascending Bubble Sort:
We can sorting data with bubble sort methods, let's do sorting data with bubble sort methods! This is example for ascending:

The data is:

Record	[1]	[2]	[3]	[4]	[5]	[6]	[7]	[8]	[9]	[10]
Data	20	100	80	10	70	30	60	90	40	50

Record [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] Data 20 100 80 10 70 30 60 90 40 50 Step 1 20 100 80 10 70 30 60 90 40 50 20 and 100 , No Exchange 20 100 80 10 70 30 60 90 40 50 20 and 80 , No Exchange 20 100 80 10 70 30 60 90 40 50 20 and 10 , Exchange 10 100 80 20 70 30 60 90 40 50 10 and 70 , No Exchange 10 100 80 20 70 30 60 90 40 50 10 and 30 , No Exchange 10 100 80 20 70 30 60 90 40 50 10 and 60 , No Exchange 10 100 80 20 70 30 60 90 40 50 10 and 90 , No Exchange 10 100 80 20 70 30 60 90 40 50 10 and 40 , No Exchange 10 100 80 20 70 30 60 90 40 50 10 and 50 , No Exchange Result 1 10 100 80 20 70 30 60 90 40 50 Step 2 10 100 80 20 70 30 60 90 40 50 100 and 80 , Exchange 10 80 100 20 70 30 60 90 40 50 80 and 20 , Exchange 10 20 100 80 70 30 60 90 40 50 20 and 70 , No Exchange 10 20 100 80 70 30 60 90 40 50 20 and 30 , No Exchange 10 20 100 80 70 30 60 90 40 50 20 and 60 , No Exchange 10 20 100 80 70 30 60 90 40 50 20 and 90 , No Exchange 10 20 100 80 70 30 60 90 40 50 20 and 40 , No Exchange 10 20 100 80 70 30 60 90 40 50 20 and 50 , No Exchange Result 2 10 20 100 80 70 30 60 90 40 50 Step 3 10 20 100 80 70 30 60 90 40 50 100 and 80 , Exchange 10 20 80 100 70 30 60 90 40 50 80 and 70 , Exchange 10 20 70 100 80 30 60 90 40 50 70 and 30 , Exchange 10 20 30 100 80 70 60 90 40 50 30 and 60 , No Exchange 10 20 30 100 80 70 60 90 40 50 30 and 90 , No Exchange 10 20 30 100 80 70 60 90 40 50 30 and 40  , No Exchange 10 20 30 100 80 70 60 90 40 50 30 and 50 , No Exchange Result 3 10 20 30 100 80 70 60 90 40 50 Step 4 10 20 30 100 80 70 60 90 40 50 100 and 80 , Exchange 10 20 30 80 100 70 60 90 40 50 80 and 70 , Exchange 10 20 30 70 100 80 60 90 40 50 70 and 60 , Exchange 10 20 30 60 100 80 70 90 40 50 60 and 90 , No Exchange 10 20 30 60 100 80 70 90 40 50 60 and 40 , Exchange 10 20 30 40 100 80 70 90 60 50 40 and 50 , No Exchange Result 4 10 20 30 40 100 80 70 90 60 50 Step 5 10 20 30 40 100 80 70 90 60 50 100 and 80 , Exchange 10 20 30 40 80 100 70 90 60 50 80 and 70 , Exchange 10 20 30 40 70 100 80 90 60 50 70 and 90 , No Exchange 10 20 30 40 70 100 80 90 60 50 70 and 60 , Exchange 10 20 30 40 60 100 80 90 70 50 60 and 50 , Exchange Result 5 10 20 30 40 50 100 80 90 70 60 Step 6 10 20 30 40 50 100 80 90 70 60 100 and 80 , Exchange 10 20 30 40 50 80 100 90 70 60 80 and 90 , No Exchange 10 20 30 40 50 80 100 90 70 60 80 and 70 , Exchange 10 20 30 40 50 70 100 90 80 60 70 and 60 , Exchange Result 6 10 20 30 40 50 60 100 90 80 70 Step 7 10 20 30 40 50 60 100 90 80 70 100 and 90 , Exchange 10 20 30 40 50 60 90 100 80 70 90 and 80 , Exchange 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 100 90 70 80 and 70 , Exchange Result 7 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 100 90 80 Step 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 100 90 80 100 and 90 , Exchange 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 90 100 80 90 and 80 , Exchange Result 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 100 90 Step 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 100 90 100 and 90 , Exchange Result 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Binary Search (2)

For Example, the data is:
The key is 2

Record	[1]	[2]	[3]	[4]	[5]
Data	2	5	21	1	6

First step: the data must be sorting. This sample, we can sort the data with bubble sort methods.

Record	[1]	[2]	[3]	[4]	[5]
Data	2	5	21	1	6
Step 1	2	5	21	1	6	2 and 5, no Exchange
	2	5	21	1	6	2 and 21, no Exchange
	1	5	21	2	6	2 and 1, Exchange
Step 2	1	5	21	2	6	5 and 21, no Exchange
	1	2	21	5	6	2 and 5, Exchange
Step 3	1	2	5	21	6	5 and 21, Exchange
Step 4	1	2	5	6	21	21 and 6, Exchange

Second step: we can search data key 2 with binary search

New data:

Record	[1]	[2]	[3]	[4]	[5]
Data	1	2	5	6	21

Step [1]:

                (low+high) div 2 =  (1+5) div 2

                                            =  6 div 2

                                            =  3

                the data on the record [3] is 5, then 5>3, next step swipe left

	low		middle		high
Record	[1]	[2]	[3]	[4]	[5]
Data	1	2	5	6	21

Step [2]:   new_high = middle-1 =3 - 1 = 2
                (low + new_high) div 2 = (1+2) div 2
                                                    = 3 div 2
                                                    = 1
                the data on the record [1] is 1, then 1<2, next step swipe right

	low	new_high
Record	[1]	[2]	[3]	[4]	[5]
Data	1	2	5	6	21

Step [3]:  new_low = low + 1 = 2
                (new_low + new_high) div 2 = (2+2) div 2
                                                    = 4 div 2
                                                    = 2

	new_low=new_high
Record	[1]	[2]	[3]	[4]	[5]
Data	1	2	5	6	21

                the data on the record [2] is 2, end.

REseArCH 1

SISTEM PERHITUNGAN LAMA PENYINARAN MATAHARI DENGAN METODE OTSU THRESHOLD (STUDI KASUS: ST. KLIMATOLOGI BARONGAN)

Asih Pujiastuti, Agus Harjoko

Abstract

Solar radiation measurements in climatology station barongan done by using campbell stokes and record card. Solar radiation is the accumulation of the whole length of the object radiation recorded on the record card. Solar radiation data reading performed by observers by estimating the long of object irradiation compared with the scale of hours listed on the record card. The difficulties encountered by observers in conducting solar radiation data readout is the shape of the object radiation recorded on the record card are not always in the form of elongated areas, some areas disjointed, even can only form small holes along the track on the card record. The purpose of this study was to design and build a system that can be used to calculate solar radiation recorded on the card record, thus increasing the accuracy of measurement data readout. Cropping process is carried out in order to obtain the right area for analysis. The approach method in object segmentation is done by implementing a solar radiation threshold otsu method. The test results showed that the determination of the radius of the opening and removing noise value appropriately irradiation can obtain the number of objects on test images with RMSEof1.4429 compared with the amount of exposure o f the image of the original object. Results of calculation solar radiation by the system showed system RMSE o f 0,51 to observer calculation.

http://ejournals.stta.ac.id/index.php/compiler/article/view/166