BLENDED LEARNING 3

1. Valiathan, Purnima (2002) blended learning is  used to describe a solution that combines  several different delivery methods, such as  collaboration software,  Web-based courses,  EPSS (electronic performance support  systems), and knowledge management practices.
2. Rooney, (2003), Blended learning is a hybrid learning concept integrating traditional inclass sessions and e-Learning elements.
3. Whitelock & Jelfs (2003),  memberikan tiga pengertian untuk  blended  learning, yaitu: a)  The integrated combination of traditional  learning with web-based online approaches (drawingon the work of Harrison).b)  The combination of media and tools employed in an e-Learning environment. c)  The combination of a number of pedagogic approaches, irrespective of learning technology use (drawing on the work of Driscoll).
4. Martin Oliver dan Keith Trigwell dalam jurnal e-Learning, Volume 2, Number 1 tahun 2005, mendefinisikan blended learning : a)  Combining or mixing web-based technology to accomplish an educational goal. b)  Combining pedagogical approaches (‘e.g.  constructivism, behaviorism, cognitivism’) to  produce an optimal learning outcome with or  without instructional technology; c)  Combining any form of instructional  technology with face-to-face instructor-led training. d)  Combining instructional technology with actual job tasks. 
5. Graham menyebutkan 3 definisi yang paling sering dikemukakan yaitu: a)  Definisi yang mengkombinasikan berbagai modalitas media pembelajaran seperti dikemukakan oeh Bersin & Associates, Orey, Singh dan Reed, serta Thompson. b)  Definisi yang mengkombinasikan berbagai metode-metode  pembelajaran seperti dikemukakan oleh Driscoll House dan Rosset.c)  Definisi yang mengkombinasikan antara pembelajaran online  dengan  face-to-face oleh Reay, Rooney, Sands, Ward & LaBranche dan Young.

Sumber referensi:

• jurnal Blended Learning : Model Pembelajaran Kombinasi E-Learning Dalam Pendidikan Jarak Jauh Oleh Dodon Yendri, M.Kom
• jurnal mengenal Blended Learning oleh M. Yusuf. T

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